The lay of the land: essential elements of the formative assessment process -- Leveling the playing field: sharing learning targets and criteria for success -- Shifting from correcting to informing: feedback that feeds forward -- Achieving more with focus: fostering student goal setting -- Helping goal-setters become active goal-getters: the role of student self-assessment -- Enriching classroom discourse: planning for and asking strategic questions -- Valuing critical thinking and inquiry: engaging students in asking effective questions -- Creating a culture of intentional learning: taking formative assessment schoolwide.